CNC lathe is one of the widely used equipment in manufacturing industry, so it is also a common equipment. In essence, CNC lathe can use one or more tools to process raw materials. When using the CNC lathe, the tool will run according to the program content written and uploaded to the equipment, so as to achieve high-precision and repeatable production.

CNC lathe can not only control the precise cutting or other processing positions by using the coordinate system, but also control the speed and tool feed speed according to the material of the workpiece to achieve flexible processing and the required shape. The following will briefly introduce the operation method of the CNC lathe, as well as the operation skills of the CNC lathe.

Operation method of CNC lathe

1. Edit program: Before the workpiece is processed, it is necessary to prepare the processing program of the workpiece. If the processing program of the workpiece is long or complex, it is not necessary to program on the CNC lathe. Manual programming or programming machine programming can be used, which can avoid occupying the time of the CNC lathe, thus increasing the auxiliary time for processing.

2. Start up and transfer the processing program: first turn on the main power supply, so that the CNC lathe has the conditions for starting up. Turn on the key button, and check the status of all parts of the lathe and other auxiliary equipment after the CNC system and the CNC lathe are powered on at the same time. According to the medium of the program, the input can be communicated with a programming machine or a serial port.

3. Installation and alignment of workpieces and starting coordinate feeding: place the machined workpieces on the workbench for installation and alignment, align the tool setting point to the initial point of the program, and align the tool reference. When continuous processing is carried out, the processing program in memory is generally used, which has a lower failure rate than the processing program on paper tape. When processing the workpiece, press the feed holding button to pause the feed action, observe the processing situation, and press the cycle start button after confirming that there is no error, then the feed action can be resumed.

4. Workpiece detection and removal: after the program is completed, if it is necessary to save the program, it can be stored in the memory of the NC system, or the program in the memory can be output to external devices for saving. When the workpiece is still clamped by the chuck, the size of the workpiece shall be tested. If the size of the workpiece does not meet the processing requirements, tool compensation shall be properly carried out to re process the workpiece. When the workpiece size is qualified, the workpiece can be disassembled.

5. Shutdown: Before shutdown, check the condition of the CNC lathe and the position of each component. Then turn off the power supply and system power supply of the CNC lathe, and finally turn off the main power supply.

Operating Skills of CNC Lathe

1. Operating skills of editing program: First, consider the processing sequence of the workpiece, such as drilling first and then flat end; First rough turning, then fine turning; Those with large tolerance shall be processed first, and those with small tolerance shall be processed later. Then, according to the hardness of the workpiece material, choose a reasonable speed, feed rate and cutting depth. For example, carbon steel materials should choose high speed, high feed rate and large cutting depth. Low speed, low feed rate and small cutting depth should be selected for cemented carbide.

2. Tool setting technique: tool setting instrument or direct tool setting can be used for tool setting. For direct tool setting, first select the center of the right end face of the workpiece as the tool setting point and set it as zero point. After the lathe returns to the origin, each tool to be used shall be set with the center of the right end face of the workpiece as the zero point; After the tool contacts the right end face of the workpiece, enter Z0 and measure at a point. The tool compensation value will automatically record the measured value. This indicates that the Z-axis tool setting is good, and the X-axis tool setting is trial cutting tool setting. Use the tool to turn a little of the outer circle of the workpiece and measure the value of the outer circle of the workpiece to be turned. If the x-axis is 20mm, enter x20 and measure at a point. The tool compensation value will automatically record the measured value. At this time, the x-axis is also good.

3. Debugging skills: first, it is necessary to conduct the simulation processing of empty stroke, move the tool rightward 2-3 times the total length of the workpiece in the coordinate system of the lathe, and then start the simulation processing. After the simulation processing is completed, confirm whether the program and tool setting are correct, and then start the processing of the workpiece. After the workpiece processing is completed, first check by yourself, and then find a full-time inspector after confirming that it is qualified. After the full-time inspector confirms that it is qualified, it means that the debugging is completed.

This paper briefly introduces the operation methods and skills of CNC lathe. Before operating the CNC lathe, the operator needs to receive safety operation training. Each CNC lathe has safety operation procedures. The operator should receive systematic operation and safety training and hold a qualified job certificate before operating the CNC lathe. Focus on Jiezhong robots and learn more about the knowledge and application of CNC lathes.

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